• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A drawn formed tow is described of a polymer for manufacturing thermoplastic articles, comprising a thermoplastic core strand (2) and a cover produced by winding, spinning, braiding or the like at least one strand (3) made of a material which is very strong at the softening point of the core strand (2). The cover strand (3) or strands (3) extend at an angle alpha of less than 90 DEG but greater than 0 DEG relative to the longitudinal axis of the core strand (2).
    公开号:SU1745109A3
    申请号:SU894614521
    申请日:1989-07-11
    公开日:1992-06-30
    发明作者:Маркс Карл-Хайнц；Грайевски Франц
    申请人:Кабельметал Электро Гмбх (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a long molded profile made from a polymeric material for the manufacture of thermovasicable products.
    A heat-recoverable product is known, consisting of a fabric formed by heat-recoverable and non-heat-recoverable fibers.
    Thermally recoverable fibers consist of polymers and nonthermally renewable fibers are made of polyester or glass.
    A disadvantage of the known fabric is that the tensile strength of the heat-recovered fiber at shrinkage temperature, those. at 130 -150 ° С, it is rather small, therefore, when the load on the fiber is exceeded, it rwells
    The invention aims to create a molded profile for the manufacture of heat-reducing products with increased tensile strength.
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    This goal is achieved by the fact that the molded profile has a winding, wrapping, braid, etc. at least one thread made of a material with high strength at the softening temperature of the molded profile, this thread passing or these threads passing at an angle less than 90 ° but more than 0 ° to the frontal axis of the molded profile. The reinforcing layer, made in the form of a winding, padding, braid, etc., has the property of easily adapting to changes in the cross section of the molded profile, resulting from stretching or shrinkage. The section of the molded profile can be almost any. For example, for some applications, a round or oval profile is preferred, while in other cases it is preferable to have a profile that is different from a round one, for example, rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal.
    Preferably, fibers or twisted strands or tapes, for example, made of cotton, metal, glass, ceramics, etc., can be used as the material for the reinforcing layer. And also in combination with each other. Strands, threads, or ribbons of heat-resistant synthetic material, e.g. polyester, polyamide, and the like, are particularly suitable.
    Most preferably, the spiral arrangement of the thread of the illenta on the molded profile. Such a winding can be manufactured at high speed. The winding may consist of several tapes or fibers parallel to each other with the same pitch. Preferred is also a winding of several threads or tapes with a opposite direction of winding, for example braid.
    The molded profile is suitably made of cross-linked polymers. By crosslinking, the ability to regenerate when heated is improved.
    Under the reinforcing layer, it is advisable to place a layer of thermoplastic polymer, which impose a reinforcing layer. This thermoplastic layer is created simultaneously with a crosslinked polymer core by co-extrusion. The thermoplastic layer is preferred so that the molded profile can be bonded by fusion welding to thermoplastic parts. For example, by arranging such molded profiles next to each other, it is possible to connect them by spot welding into a network.
    In carrying out the method of making a molded profile, first extrusion is made into a molded
    the profile from the polymer is then crosslinked, heated in a continuous process to a temperature above the melting point of the crystallite polymer, drawn at
    this temperature, is cooled in a stretched state, and then winding, wrapping, braiding or the like is applied. If the reinforcing layer is applied in a drawn state on a molded profile, a small wound angle of the filaments is necessary. If the reinforcing layer is applied before stretching, a greater angle of winding is necessary. The angle of winding is the angle between the longitudinal axis and the thread or tape. By winding pitch is meant
    the distance along the axis between two repeating points. Thus, a large step corresponds to a small angle of winding and. on the contrary, a small step - a large corner of the winding.
    With respect to the stretching process, it is preferred that the crosslinked molded profile, unwound from the drum, remain wound with at least one turn on the drum, be inserted into the stretch device consisting of a heating and cooling section, and after the winder, wrap at least one turn to another drum, this second drum being driven at a faster speed than
    the first drum, and that the elongated molded profile after winding off from the second drum was supplied with a winding, obvivkoy. braid, etc. A molded profile equipped with a reinforcing layer can also
    be stretched as described. The adjustment of the second drum is preferably performed by measuring the diameter of the extruded molded profile, comparing it with a predetermined value.
    diameter and accelerate or retard the drive in accordance with the result of the comparison.
    It is most preferable to extrude a molded polyethylene profile with grafted silane and crosslink it with water or steam. This 7 type of stitching is different in that. That it is possible to exclude the use of complex mechanical devices. For particularly thin molded profiles, radiation crosslinking is preferred. The molded profile can be made in the form of a heat-shrinking tape used, for example. for sealing joints electrically cables or water pipes. Such a tape consists of a large number of parallel molded profiles embedded in a layer of thermoplastic polymer.
    This coating layer is preferably an extruded layer. However, it is also possible that molded profiles located in the same plane on both sides are covered with a tape of thermoplastic polymer. The cover layer creates a flat structure in which the heat-recovery molded profiles are embedded. After applying the thermoplastic layer by extrusion or overlay, this layer can be crosslinked.
    Due to the presence of the reinforcing layer molded profiles such tape has a high tensile strength in the direction of shrinkage. To achieve a high tensile strength of the tape across the direction of shrinkage, warp threads can be placed around the molded profiles.
    In addition, in at least one of the tapes with which the molded profiles are coated, threads may be provided from a material that is resistant to stretching at a shrinkage temperature. These threads run across the entire width of the tape and are made of a material similar to the reinforcing layer of molded profiles.
    Such a tape is made according to another embodiment. that a large number of molded profiles are parallelly inserted into the extruder and covered with a layer of thermoplastic polymer, thereby forming approximately a rectangular cross-section ribbon. This tape is heated above the melting point of the crystallite of the cross-linked polymer, stretched in the heated state and cooled in the stretched state. Extrusion molding of pre-extruded molded profiles is possible in the same way as described, however it is necessary that the molded profiles do not heat up above the shrinkage temperature. It is possible to manufacture the tape from a large number of profiles arranged side by side in the same plane, with the help of one main thread the flooring is made and this flooring is covered on both sides with a thermoplastic polymer. In this case, the profiles can be elongated and unstretched, i.e. with the profiles not drawn out, the tape is pulled out after coating. The coating can be extruded or layered.
    A method is also proposed for the manufacture of heat-recovered tape products made of synthetic material, according to which heat-recovery yarns of cross-linked synthetic material are embedded between two layers of thermoplastic material.
    In this method, several separate threads running parallel in the same plane are laminated in a continuous process on both sides with tapes of thermoplastic material, and between the threads and at least one tape place a layer of threads made of a material resistant to rupture at a temperature thermal recovery.
    0 The advantage of the invention is that individual strands can be laminated immediately after stretching without braiding and similar processing. The tensile strength of the tape is enhanced by a layer of
    5 strands, tear resistant.
    An increase in the tensile strength of the tape, both in the direction of shrinkage and perpendicularly to it, is achieved if the tear-resistant layer shrinks as
    0 rough fabric. Therefore, coarse fabric has an advantage, since when caching, the softened synthetic material penetrates through large cells and can be welded with individual threads or second
    5 with a synthetic material also in a ductile state.
    The tensile strength of the tape in the direction perpendicular to the direction of shrinkage can also be increased by:
    0 to the fact that a separate thread of high-strength material is applied in the form of a meander before caching on the thread.
    It is also possible to wrap in a spiral a single thread of high-strength material around these threads. This option is used when, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention, each of the elongated individual yarns is provided with a spiral winding of high strength material.
    0 This winding does not interfere with the shrinkage process but increases the breaking strength of a single thread.
    It is possible to manufacture elongated single yarns from twisted between so-called yarns, and there are thermally repaired and non-thermally stretched high-strength yarns in the twisted bundle. When single yarns shrink, the twisting step of the bundle is reduced without affecting
    0 shrinkage process. High-strength non-heat-recovered filaments of the beam significantly increase the tensile strength of single filaments.
    Under high strength yarns, such threads are wound which, at shrinkage temperatures, have much higher tensile strength than synthetic material, such as glass, metal, cotton, polyester or polyamide.
    threads, etc. Preferably the use of elongated single yarns having a thermoplastic coating layer. The core of the single yarns preferably consists of a crosslinked polymeric material. Due to the thermoplastic coating layer, good bonding is achieved, for example by welding, with thermoplastic laminating tapes. The thermoplastic coating layer also prevents, under known conditions, the heating of the elongated single yarn in the core region to a temperature above the shrinkage temperature during the caching process. Preferably, subsequent crosslinking of the tape thus produced, for example, radiation crosslinking.
    According to another embodiment, it is provided to preform a flooring or fabric from intersecting bundles of non-extensible or weakly expandable material, at least one of the bundles extending in one direction, formed in a helix type, embedding the flooring or fabric into a polymeric material and stretching it so made tape in the direction of the harness formed in the form of a spiral.
    The advantage of this option is that the polymer matrix is thermally removable, and the fabric as a reinforcing layer is embedded in the polymer matrix. Due to the spirality of the bundles, the fabric has a stretch reserve, although the bundle material itself is not stretched, so that the tape with the built-in cloth can stretch up to 400% or more. When stretched, the twist pitch increases and the helix diameter decreases. In extreme cases, the helix is deformed into an elongated rope. In the subsequent shrinking process, the tow is irregularly laid in the polymer matrix.
    Spiral winding of a rope formed in the form of a helix onto a polymer rope of any section is particularly preferred. Due to this, it is possible to manufacture flooring or fabric with dimensional stability, which is wound from a bobbin without deforming cell sizes when being fed into a plant for embedding.
    In accordance with another preferred embodiment, the polymeric material of the tape is stitched after the delay process, then heated, stretched in the heated state and cooled in the stretched state. When heated, the polymer rope is softened, then the stretching process is carried out together with the rope wound on it, which creates the necessary freedom of movement for the helix.
    Laying of the flooring or fabric into a polymer material is carried out by extrusion, caching or lamination. When this polymer material penetrates into
    cell spaces with the formation of a single-layer tape product with embedded reinforcing layer.
    The polymer rope on which the spiral rope is wound preferably consists of
    0 from thermoplastic unstitched polymer. This ensures its good communication with the polymer material, also in the thermoplastic unstitched state.
    5 Another preferred embodiment of the invention is alone. that the flooring or fabric in a continuous process is coated with extrusion of ethylene with grafted silane. silane grafted polyethylene sewn in
    In the presence of water or water vapor, the crosslinked ribbon is heated to a temperature above the melting point of the polyethylene crystallite, stretched at this temperature by no less than 40% and cooled in the stretched state. It is possible to use other types of cross-linking, for example, peroxide or radiation. The most preferred type of cross-linking is the lowest technical cost.
    0It is advisable to make almost continuous flooring of weft yarns and warp, and the warp threads are straight yarns of a material that is almost not stretchable, and weft threads are made
    5 of a thermoplastic polymer rope with a spiral winding consisting of one or several strands of almost unstretchable material, the flooring or fabric is continuously embedded into the polymer material, the polymer material is sewn, the blanks are separated from the tape, the blanks are heated, stretched into the heated condition and stretched condition is cooled. Suitable materials for inextensible flagella or yarns are, for example, cotton, metallic, glass yarns, which may consist of twisted, twisted or woven single yarns. Multiple threads may also be
    0 wound on a polymer harness, and a combination of these materials is also possible. If silane grafted polyethylene is used as the polymer matrix, it is advisable to use a polyethylene tow as a carrier material for a bundle of incapable material.
    Alternatively, the cross-section of the ribbon is sewn differently so that in the wall sections facing the product being packaged, the degree of crosslinking is higher and is, for example. 25-50%, and in the wall sections facing the opposite direction, the degree of crosslinking is lower and is, for example, 5-25%. Since it has been experimentally established that susceptibility to tearing increases with increasing degree of crosslinking, the tape made in this way is less prone to tearing.
    The tape is preferably made by co-extrusion of at least two layers, and these layers consist of polyethylene with a different degree of grafting. Crosslinking polyethylene by grafting silanes and subsequent content in a humid environment is particularly suitable for this method, since using different sized additives of crosslinking agents and / or catalysts, several layers can be obtained with varying degrees of crosslinking, whereby the tape forms a sandwich-like structure. This structure significantly increases the tensile strength of the tape compared to a uniform tape having a uniform wall thickness, which is explained by mechanical synergism.
    It is necessary that the polymer layers adjacent to the fabric on both sides are joined to each other. With small cell sizes, fabric can be difficult under certain conditions, since the polymer material does not penetrate through the cells due to its high viscosity. This can be overcome by the fact. that the polymeric rope or plaits are woven into the fabric at different distances from each other. For example, two or three polymer tows can be braided with relatively short distances from each other, and the next group of two or three polymer tows can be woven at a greater distance from the previous group. The distance between these groups should be chosen such that the polymer layers are connected with each other in this place.
    Fig. 1 shows a molded profile 1 according to the invention in an elongated state. The profile 1 is made in the form of a core 2. made of a thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer, preferably polyethylene with grafted silane. On the core 2 is wound thread or tape 3 in the form of a spiral. The thread or tape 3 is made of a material having a significantly higher tensile strength as compared with the material of the core 2 at a shrink temperature, i.e. at about 130 to 150 ° C. Preferably, yarn of 3 high-strength polymers, such as polyester, polyamide, cotton, metals, ceramics, glass, etc., is used as the material. The thread or ribbon 3 is preferably constructed of twisted, twisted, woven or otherwise
    thin single threads stacked with each other. A thread or mite 3 can be constructed from several specified materials.
    The core 2 may also be made of single yarns, twisted, twisted, woven, or otherwise combined with each other. It is possible, for example, to combine single yarns of cross-linked polymers with single yarns of rubber-like material, for example
    5 natural or synthetic rubber. A combination of single fibers of cross-linked polymer and non-shrinkable yarns is also possible. For such a combination, it is proposed to combine single filaments with a certain twist pitch, which may increase or decrease during stretching or shrinkage of the molded rope. The cross section of the molded rope 2 or single threads forming it can
    5 be any, such as round, oval, rectangular, triangular or trapezoidal.
    If the core 2 consists of cross-linked polyethylene, between the core 2 and the thread
    0 or tape 3, it is possible to provide an layer that is extruded, preferably together with the core 2, of another material (not shown). This layer may consist of a crosslinked polyolefin. polyamide; polytetra-5-torethylene to impart refractoriness, absorbability or other properties to molded profile 1. A layer of unstitched polyolefin is preferred for further processing, since such a layer creates the possibility of welding the molded strands between themselves or with polymer tapes, for example, for caching.
    Figure 2 shows the molded profile in the seated state. The cross section of the core 5 is increased due to the reduction in the length of the core 2. At the same time, the angle of inclination of the thread or tape 3 is reduced. The manufacture of such a burner is described in FIG. 3.
    0 Card 2 is continuously unwound from
    the coil 4 and after appropriate processing is wound on the coil 5. The core 2 may consist of one or several threads. First, the core 2 is wrapped around the drum or roller 6 with at least one turn, and then enters the exhaust device 7. In which it is first heated to a temperature above the melting point of the crystallite, and then cooled. In the heating area, core 2 is stretched. For this purpose, there is another drum or roll 8 around which the expanded core 2a is wrapped with at least one turn. The drum or roller 8 serves to expand the core 2a out of the extraction device 7 at a faster rate than it entered. Core 2 is expanded by the difference in entry and exit speeds. With the same diameters of the drums 6 and 8, the drum 8 must rotate at a higher speed. Different diameters of drums are also possible. The degree of stretching is determined by the size of the diameter of the core 2a at point 9 compared to the diameter of the unstretched core 2. Depending on the comparison result, the rotational speed of the drum 8 is adjusted.
    The expanded core 2a is supplied by means of the coiler 10 with a tensile thread or tape 3 and is wound onto a reel 5.
    You can wind the thread or tape 3 to stretch. Then, during stretching, the slope or step of winding the thread or tape 3 is changed.
    Figure 4-8 shows the products manufactured using molded harness shown in figures 1 and 2.
    Figure 4 shows the cuff used for wrapping, for example, the junction of cables or pipes. This cuff contains two longitudinal posts 11 and 12. on which, after being molded, a guide (not shown) slides around the joint. Racks 11 and 12 also serve as places of effort in the process of stretching. The fabricated cuff is multi-layered and consists of layers 13-15. connected in a single piece with an overlay on each other or by joint extrusion. Layer 13 with longitudinal posts 11 and 12 consists of a thermoplastic polymer, for example polyethylene. Layer 14 generally has a deck structure composed of individual molded profiles in accordance with FIGS. 1 or 2. These profiles are perpendicular to the direction of the longitudinal struts 11 and 12. The profiles are connected to the deck, preferably with one or more threads, covering individual profiles and profiles transverse to the length.
    It is possible that the flooring is such that the tow is laid in the form of a meander and covered along the meander path with a layer of thermoplastic polymer. Stretchable yarns 16 extending in the direction of the meander increase the stability of the cuff and its tensile strength. Layer 15 also consists of a thermoplastic polymer, such as polyethylene, which may contain stretch resistant yarns extending parallel to racks 11 and 12.
    Along with caching of layers 13-15, such a layered structure and co-extrusion can be made. In this case, it is preferable that the layer 14 is surrounded on all sides by a thermoplastic polymer, i.e. shown in figure 4 layers 13 and
    0 15 should be combined with a side cover (not shown) parallel to racks 11 and 12. In this case, it is advisable then to stitch the edge area near the racks (for example, radiation
    5 stitching).
    In the event that the molded profile is not stretched yet, it is possible to stretch the entire cuff preform made by caching or co-extrusion.
    0 to Fig. 5-7, other ways of using the profiles of Figs. 1 and 2 are presented. In accordance with Fig. 5, a certain number of the profiles of Figs. 1 and 2 are wound from the coils 17, the passage parallel to each other and in
    5 one plane. For clarity, only one profile 1 and one coil 17 are shown. Profiles 1 are laminated in rollers 18 on both sides with ribbons 19 and 20. unrolled from rollers 21 and 22. A cloth 23 is also laid between tape 19 and profile 1, which is wound with roller 24 Profiles 1 used in this embodiment are already stretched, so that the laminated tape 25 is heat-recoverable.
    5 An analogous variant is shown in FIG.
    A coil 26 is wound from the coil 17. Consisting of pre-drawn profiles 1. extending in the direction of manufacture, which are joined by a large number of transverse threads resistant to stretching and interwoven with the profiles. This flooring 26 is laminated. as in figure 5. on both sides polymeric tapes 19 and 20.
    five
    Tape 25 can be made continuously, almost infinite length.
    If we exclude the use of high-strength fabric 23 (figure 5) or resistant to
    0 stretching the threads (Fig. 6), the method can be modified by applying undrawn profiles, and the product as a whole is pulled out after caching.
    To manufacture the shell (Fig. 7),
    5 for connecting cables or pipelines, a piece of a certain length is separated from the tape 25. The C-shaped locking bar 34 serves as an element closing such a shell. The tapered ends 25 are tapered. Each of the ends 28 of the tape 25 bends around the flexible rod 27 and is glued or welded.
    In the example of FIG. 8, a shaped profile 1 of FIG. 1 is twisted around the rods 27 in a spiral pattern with a predetermined inclination of the turns. The resulting structure can be surrounded by a thermoplastic layer, for example, by caching or extrusion. In so doing, the molded profile 1 can be wound onto the rods 27 in an elongated state, whereby the sheath is ready after coating with the polymer layer. If a non-expanded profile 1 is wound onto the rods, the product is pulled out after polymer is applied.
    In the example of FIG. 9, the stretched or undrawn molded profile 1 is secured between the two halves 27a and 27b of the rod. Profile 1 is laid around the bulges 29 on one side, and then around the corresponding bulges 29 on the other half of the rod. After the profile 1 is laid around all the bulges 29, the halves of the rod 27 are joined like buttons or otherwise. Such a design can also be coated with a polymer by extrusion or caching before or after stretching profile 1. The advantage of this option is that. that the individual turns of profile 1 are located on the water plane.
    A similar advantage is achieved in the embodiment of Fig. 10. The rods 30 have an approximately semicircular cross-section with a projection ZOA. The rods 30 have a significant number of grooves 31, due to which blocks 32 are formed, around which profile 1 is laid. In these blocks 32, a groove 33 is provided in the longitudinal direction, into which a C-shaped locking bar 34 is led (11 ).
    On Fig shows the size of the tape 25, made by the proposed method. Pre-stretched single profiles 1 are laid or embedded on the polymer tape 20. The plane in which these profiles pass 1. is covered with a cloth 23. on which the tape 19 is laid.
    Fig. 13 shows another variant of the tape 25 made by the proposed method, according to which instead of fabric 23 (Fig. 12) around single profiles 1. passing in one plane, wound in a spiral resistant to stretching, thread 35 made of cotton, metal, glass or high strength polymer.
    Tape 25, manufactured by the proposed method, is designed for the winding of products having different diameters. It is preferable to use it to hermetically seal the junction of cables or pipes. To manufacture such a shell, a tape of a certain length is wound from a reel, wrapped around a joint and mechanically
    fix its ends. The tape 25 is then heated, e.g., at low heat until shrinkage begins. Due to the layered construction, the outer shell of the tape consisting of tapes 20 and 19. shrinks
    0 under the action of profiles 1. as a result, the tape 25 turns around the joint. The surface of the tape 25 facing the sealed joint is provided with a layer of glue or sealing compound providing the necessary sealing. If metal filaments or a profile with which they are wrapped are made of metal in such a sealing tape, it is advisable to carry out heating in order to create shrinkage by passing current through them.
    Fig. 14 shows a flooring or fabric 36. formed by intersecting yarns 37 and 38. The thread 38 consists of a polyethylene cord 38a, on which in a spiral
    5 wound thread 38b from another material. Threads 37 and 38b consist of non-expandable material, for example glass, cotton, metal, and the like. It is particularly preferable to make threads 37 and 38b from a large number
    0 twisted glass fibers. Due to the spiral winding, an excessive length or stretch reserve is created, so that the filaments 38 are able to be pulled.
    During the draw process, the diameter of the polymer threads 38a decreases. In extreme cases, the yarns 38b, after stretching, run parallel and straight next to each other. The distance between the strands 37 is increased by stretching.
    0 value of stretch. Such a fabric 36 can be manufactured on a conventional loom and have a greater length.
    Fabric 36. shown in Fig. 14 may be recessed as a result of a continuous technological process into a polymer matrix. Such a tape is shown in FIG. where the polymer matrix is designated 39.
    To fabricate the tape, first polymer extrusion 38 is extruded.
    which after cooling is wrapped
    38t glass thread of several additions
    with a relatively small winding step.
    Example. Polyethylene thread with a diameter of 1 mm: glass thread with a diameter of 0.05 mm: winding pitch of a glass thread 1 mm. Such thread 38 can be stretched no more than 4 times. It is used as a weft for making cloth on a loom (not shown) with glass yarns.
    several additions with a diameter of about 0.05 mm as the base.
    As can be seen from FIG. 16, the fabric 36 is continuously unwound from the roller 40 and introduced into the head 41 of the transverse extruder 42, where it is embedded in a polymer matrix 39. The tape 43 thus produced is cut into pieces 44, drawn along the arrows transversely to the extrusion direction.
    A mixture consisting of 50 parts by weight is made as a polymer matrix material. polyethylene, 40 wt.h. copolymer of ethylene with vinyl acetate and 10 wt.h. soot, which is then granulated. Granules are filled together with approximately 1 ma.ch. the vinyl-methoxysilane funnel of the extruder 42 and molded around the fabric 36 into a ribbon about 4 mm thick.
    With a multilayer tape construction, it can be made by co-extrusion, for example, of two layers, having the fabric 36 between these layers. If you provide a different degree of cross-linking of the layers, you should reduce the content of vinylmethoxy-silane, for example, by 0.2-0.5 wt.h.
    The separated pieces 44 are then sewn in the presence of water vapor at about 95 ° C. You can cut the pieces 44 after stitching the tape 43.
    The stitched pieces 44, which serve as blanks, are then stretched on a stretching frame (not shown) up to 4 times the length. This stretching is carried out at a temperature of about 120-150 ° C, at which the polymer bundle 38a is softened, the cross section of which is stretched when stretched, which does not affect the shape of the yarn 38b spirally wrapped around them.
    The tape has been removed and has a wall thickness of about 1 mm. In the stretched condition, the tape is cooled to a normal temperature, after which it is ready for use, i.e. when reheated, it tends to return to the shape given to it during extrusion.
    Figures 17 to 19 illustrate various embodiments of a fabric-reinforced sealing sleeve or sleeve.
    17, the sealing sleeve has the form used for cable jackets. The tape 43 has pins 45 and 46 on the longitudinal edges of the rack and also has tabs 47 in the rack 45 area. . In order to seal the coupling on the surface facing the branch, the tape 43 has an adhesive coating (not shown). The sealing sleeve shown in Fig. 17 differs from that known in that within the wall of the tape 43 there is a fabric 36 extending past and into the area of the uprights 45 and 46. This fabric
    increases the tensile strength and resistance to pressure of the tape 43 at shrinkage temperature.
    18 shows an example of a sealing sleeve. Tape 43 is made with channels
    on the longitudinal edges into which the flexible rods 48 and 49 are made of twisted or twisted glass fibers. These rods 48 and 49 are covered by the described locking bar after wrapping
    tapes around the branch. These channels are formed by gluing or stitching the wrapped edge portions. Wrapping the edges of the ribbon around rods 48 and 49 can be performed immediately after
    extrusion, because then it is still possible to weld the laid-up areas. The fabric 36 also extends into the region of the longitudinal edges of the tape 43. i.e. edges of fabric 36 surround rods 48 and 49.
    Figure 19 shows another embodiment of the sealing sleeve. The rods 48 and 49 are covered by the fabric 36. It is preferable to wrap the longitudinal edges of the fabric 36 around the rods 48 and 49 s.
    the formation of the channel, secured the superimposed areas by stitching and then pouring this structure into the extruder with a polymer matrix. The bulges formed by the rods 48 and 49. serve as a means for securing the striker plate.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    Invention Formula
    1. A long-shaped molded profile of a polymer material for the manufacture of heat-recoverable products, made in the form of a core, characterized in that, in order to increase the breaking strength, it is provided with a winding. by wrapping or braiding not less than from one thread-like element made of a material having a higher strength at the softening temperature of the molded core than
    strength of the core material, and this element or elements are located at an angle of 0 ° (Ј 90 ° to the longitudinal axis of the molded core.
    2.Profile according to claim 1, characterized in that. that threadlike element is made
    [2]
    high temperature resistant polymer such as polyester, polyamide, etc.
    3. Profile according to claim 1 or 2, distinguished by the fact that the thread-like element is spirally located on the core.
    [3]
    4. Profile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core is made of cross-linked polymer.
    [4]
    5. The profile of claim 4, wherein a thin layer of thermoplastic polymer is arranged under the winding, by wrapping, or by braiding.
    [5]
    6. A method of making a long molded profile from a polymeric material, including the steps of molding a core from a polymer by extrusion, crosslinking it, heating it in a continuous process to the temperature of the crystallite melt melt, stretching and cooling, characterized in that and a core, wrapped, wrapped or braided with a large pitch, is applied to the cooled core in a drawn condition.
    [6]
    7. The method according to claim 6. characterized in that the stitched shaped core unwound from a reel is wound onto the drum with at least one turn, inserted into a stretcher consisting of a heating and cooling section, then wound at least one turn onto another drum, the second drum being rotated with a greater frequency than the first drum, and the elongated molded core, after descending from the second drum, is provided with winding, obviv or braid.
    [7]
    8. The method according to claim 7. characterized in that the cross-sectional size of the elongated molded core is measured and the second drum drive is controlled.
    [8]
    9. Method according to one of pp.6-8. different in that. that the molded core is made with an inner molded profile and an outer non-stitched layer of thermoplastic polymer by co-extrusion.
    [9]
    10. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the molded core is extruded from silane grafted polyethylene and sewn in the presence of water or steam.
    [10]
    11. Heat shrinkable tape using a long molded profile in one or more of claims 1-5. characterized in that a large number of molded profiles parallel to each other are embedded in a layer of thermoplastic polymer.
    [11]
    12. Tape according to claim 11, characterized in that the molded profiles located in the same plane are lined on both sides with a tape of thermoplastic polymer.
    [12]
    13. The tape according to claim 12, wherein in at least one of these
    [13]
    tapes there are a large number of filaments of a material that is resistant to stretching at a shrinkage temperature, passing perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the molded profiles.
    14. A method of manufacturing a heat shrinkable tape according to one or more of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that a large number of molded profiles are parallelly inserted into an extruder and surrounded with a layer of thermoplastic polymer to form a rectangular cross section of tape, which is heated above the point melting the crystallite of the crosslinked polymer, in a heated state, is drawn and cooled in a drawn state.
    [14]
    15. Method of making heat shrinkable tape according to one or more of claims 11-13. about tl and h and y u and with the fact that
    [15]
    A large number of molded profiles extending in one plane adjacent to each other are made with a main thread overlay, which is coated on both sides with a thermoplastic polymer.
    16. A method of manufacturing thermostable tape products made of polymer, in which the thermosettable molded profiles of cross-linked polymer are placed between two layers of thermoplastic polymer, characterized in that. that a large number of single cores parallel to each other and passing in the same plane are supplied with a spiral winding from a material of high strength and are continuously laminated on both sides with tapes of a thermoplastic polymer, and between single cores and at least one tape they place a layer of threads made of a material resistant to rupture at a temperature of thermal recovery.
    [16]
    17 The method according to clause 16, about tl and h and y p i and - so. that the wrapped single cores or their bundle provide a thermoplastic layer.
    18. A method of manufacturing a thermostable tape of polymer, in which the flooring of tows extending along and
    across the tape, embedded in a layer of polymer, characterized in that they first form a flooring or fabric of intersecting cords made of non-expandable or weakly extracted material. moreover, at least the strands extending in one direction form a helix type, the flooring or fabric is embedded in a polymeric material and the tape made in this way is pulled in the direction of the strands passing in a spiral,
    19. The method according to claim 18, about tl and h and y and i, so that each strand, made in the form of a spiral, is spirally wound onto a polymer strand.
    20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the polymer material of the tape is sewn after the embedding process, then heated, stretched in the heated state and cooled in the stretched state.
    21. Method according to one or more of the paragraphs. 18-20, characterized in that the embedding of the floorings or fabrics into the polymeric material is carried out by extrusion, caching or lamination.
    22. Method according to one or more of clauses 18-21, characterized by the fact that the rope is helically wound onto an unsewn thermoplastic polymer rope.
    23. Method according to one or more of § 18-2 2, characterized in that. that the flooring or fabric is continuously lined by extrusion of silane grafted polyethylene, silane grafted polyethylene is stitched in the presence of water or water vapor, the stitched tape is heated above the melting point of polyethylene crystallite, drawn at this temperature by no less than 40% and cooled in the elongated condition.
    24. Method according to one or more of the claims 18 to 23, characterized in that. that virtually infinite flooring is made of warp and weft threads, the warp threads being straight linear threads of practically non-expandable material, and the weft threads are made of
    a thermoplastic polymer rope with a spiral winding of one or more yarns of practically inextensible material, flooring or fabric continuously
    They are embedded in a polymeric material, the polymeric material is sewn, the blanks are heated and stretched in the direction of the polymeric tows and cooled in a stretched state.
    0
    25. A method according to one or more of the claims 18-24, characterized in that cotton, glass or metal yarns are used as the non-extensible material,
    526. The method according to one or more of
    Clause 18-25. different in that. that the tape is sewn differently in different parts of the section so that in the wall sections facing the packaged product the degree
    0 stitching was higher - 25-30%, and in the wall sections facing the opposite direction, the degree of stitching was lower - 5-25%.
    27. The method according to claim 26, wherein - 5 is such that the tape is made by co-extrusion of at least two layers, and these layers consist of polyethylene with varying degrees of crosslinking.
    28. Method according to one or more of the 0 pp 18-27. about tl and ch and y with and. that one
    or several polymeric bundles with a winding are woven into a fabric with different distances from each other.
    Priority points: 513.07.88 on PP.1-15,
    09/21/88. on PP.16-17.
    10/01/88. on PP-28-28.
    3 d.
    /
    2 Z.
    - ..
    42
    1
    FIG. 2
    2a ../ s
    -t Vl rdi
    3 8
    five
    Fig.Z
    2 ±
    And v
    17
    17
    Fig.8.
    four&
    FIG. 7
    SL
    7c $
    I
    xfig. 13
    FIG. 15
    FIG. 74
    33
    4J
    /
    W
    FIG. sixteen
    FIG. nineteen
    -X
    43
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    AT132211T|1996-01-15|
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    法律状态:
    2010-07-20| REG| Reference to a code of a succession state|Ref country code: RU Ref legal event code: MM4A Effective date: 20070712 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE3823649|1988-07-13|
    DE19883831996|DE3831996A1|1988-09-21|1988-09-21|Process for producing bands of plastic which can recover their shape under heat|
    DE3833415A|DE3833415C2|1988-10-01|1988-10-01|Process for the preparation of a heat-recoverable tape|
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